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如果有一天,你可以选择生育一个小“爱因斯坦”,也可以生育一个智商普通的孩子,你会做出什么样的选择?据科学家预计,未来10年内,人类将可以使用试管婴儿技术选择“最聪明”的胚胎。
Genetics research, conceptual artwork. CHINA DAILY
Couples undergoing IVF treatment could be given the option to pick the “smartest” embryo within the next 10 years, a leading US scientist has predicted.
他说:“如果英国人工授精与胚胎学管理局认为这对英国不合适,我会尊重这个决定。”但他预测,如果英国富人无法在当地进行这项检测,“他们会飞到新加坡去做的。”
Some in the UK take the view that prospective parents have a right to access such tests. “I don’t think people should be deprived of that knowledge,” said Prof Simon Fishel, the founder of Care Fertility.
在英国,一些人认为未来的父母有权进行此类检测。生育关怀组织的创始人西蒙费舍尔教授说:“我认为不应该剥夺人们的这种知情权。”
Fishel questioned whether there is any ethical difference between picking an embryo ranked highest for IQ or sending a child to a private school. “What’s wrong with ranking an embryo if you can rank a child?” he said. “I think there are plenty of people who’d choose embryo Oxford [rather] than embryo A-level failure.”
费舍尔质疑挑选智商最高的胚胎和送孩子去私立学校之间是否存在伦理上的差异。“如果你能给孩子评分,那给胚胎评分又有什么错呢?”他说。“我认为有很多人会选择未来能考取牛津的胚胎而不是无法通过英国中学高级水平考试的胚胎。”
In practice, though, couples often have only a few embryos to choose from. And there are concerns about unintended consequences. For instance, there is some evidence linking higher polygenic scores for academic ability to higher likelihood of autism.
但实际上,夫妇们通常只有几个胚胎可供选择。此外,人们还担心会出现意想不到的后果。例如,有证据表明,学术能力的多基因得分越高,患自闭症的可能性就越大。
The technology is controversial, but that does not mean it will not gain acceptance in the future, Hsu said, drawing parallels with the reaction to IVF in its early days.
徐道辉说,这项技术存在争议,但这并不意味着它在未来不会被接受,这与早期人们对体外受精的反应类似。
“The IVF pioneers … were called monsters, Frankenstein doctors; it was predicted that these babies would have health problems,” he said. “I am actually reassured by that. IVF is completely normalized now. Everyone who is pointing their finger at [Genomic Prediction] now should go back and read those articles.”
他说:“试管婴儿的先驱被称为怪物,弗兰肯斯坦医生。当时人们预测这些婴儿会有健康问题。实际上,我对此很放心。试管受精现在已经完全正常化。现在,所有指责(基因组预测)的人都应该回去读读那些文章。”
地塞米松片是一种合成肾上腺皮质激素的药物,部分患者在使用促排药物后会有卵巢过度刺激综合征,移植前使用地塞米松片可以缓解症状,使用时需要按照医生的要求服用,不能盲目使用,以防出现一些不良反应。
试管婴儿治疗期间使用地塞米松片,可以放患者患者体内的孕酮含量降低,不影响子宫内膜,能够有效地提高试管婴儿成功率,下面可以详细了解下移植前吃地塞米松的作用:
1.一般是减轻吃促排卵药的同时减轻不良反应的,或者是抗过敏的,部分人使用促排卵药的同时会有卵巢过度刺激综合症,吃地塞米松片可以缓解症状;
2.结合大量抗菌药物,具有良好的降温、解毒、抗炎、抗休克和促进症状缓解,可以用于预防免疫排斥反应,以防止黄体酮影响子宫内膜;
3.促进多个卵泡的排泄,抑制结缔组织的增殖,降低毛细血管壁和细胞膜的通透性,减少炎性渗出,抑制组胺等有毒物质的形成和释放。
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